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编者按：中国人民大学重阳金融研究院执行院长王文在《环球时报》英文版专栏“Wang Wen on Changing World”的第十八篇专栏文章《中国在配置全球资源》于今日刊出，现将中英文内容转发如下：
Driving over half an hour from the Bole International Airport and several kilometers on the bumpy muddy roads, I finally arrived at an industrial park on the outskirts of Addis Ababa, capital of Ethiopia. The park, spread over tens of square kilometers, was invested by a man surnamed Zhang from Dongguan, South China's Guangdong Province, whose company is one of the largest manufacturers of women's brand shoe in the world.从宝莱国际机场(ADD)出发，开半个多小时的车，驶过数公里坑坑洼洼的泥泞路，终于到达埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴市郊的某工业园，占地数十平方公里。这是东莞一位张姓老板七年前出资建成的，他拥有的企业是全球最大的女鞋品牌代工厂之一。
埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴郊外的东方工业园，当地员工在华坚女鞋生产线上工作 图源：南方网More than 3,000 African female workers are working on the production line of women's shoes in the industrial park. One of them told me with excitement that it's a glory for her to work in a Chinese company. Zhang was not in the industrial park when I visited. But he told me in the headquarters in Dongguan prior to my African trip that because of the high labor cost in China, which is five to seven times Africa's, he was forced to relocate most production bases to the Africa a few years ago. 在工业园里，3000多名非洲女工整齐安静地在女鞋生产的流水线上工作着。一位女工兴奋地告诉我，能到中国企业工作，是她一生的荣耀。张老板没在工业园。此前，他在东莞总部向我透露，中国国内人工成本太高了，是非洲的5-7倍，被迫几年前把多数生产基地迁到非洲。His daughter is the one in charge of Addis Ababa's industrial park. She told me that the company now still bases design in China, but has moved production to Ethiopia and assigned research and development, operation as well as sales in countries around the world. Such allocation of resources has enabled the company to make continuous profits and earn products it manufactured with the label of "Made in Ethiopia." Zhang was also named "Father of Ethiopia's Industry" by the government. 在亚的斯亚贝巴的工业园，张老板的女儿是主要负责人。她告诉我，设计仍在中国国内，生产已主要迁到在埃塞俄比亚，而研发、运营、销售的团队则在世界各国。这样的资源配置使他们的企业实现了持续盈利，并收获了“埃塞制造”的标签，张老板还得了“埃塞俄比亚工业之父”的国家荣誉。I am proud of such Chinese enterprises. A total of 129 Chinese companies, including 10 from Taiwan, were ranked among Fortune magazine's list of the world's top 500 firms this year, surpassing the number of US companies.我为这样的中国企业而感到骄傲。2019年世界500强，中国(包括台湾)的企业已有129家，数量已超过美国。
But noticeably, most of the mainland companies on the list derive quite a large share of their revenues from within the country and their capacity to allocate resources globally is far from enough. This is why China's tech giant Huawei, which generates half its revenue overseas, deserves respect of the Chinese people and why I think highly of this Chinese private company in Addis Ababa.但500强中的中国企业平均85%的利润是在国境线内产生的，是赚着14亿中国人的钱，全球资源配置能力远远不足。这正是一半以上盈利都在海外产生的华为公司值得中国人敬佩的重要背景，也是我推崇亚的斯亚贝巴这家中国民企的重要原因。China lags the US in terms of capacity to allocate global resources. Top US companies such as Qualcomm, Cisco, Microsoft, Twitter and Walmart make most of their revenues overseas. The US government is also adept at global resource allocation. Nearly 60 percent of all US banknotes in circulation are held outside the country. In this way, the US is actually earning money from people around the world through printing banknotes, or something called seigniorage. In contrast, renminbi is much weaker in terms of global circulation.在全球资源配置能力上，中国比美国差远了。美国的一流企业如高通、思科、微软、推特、沃尔玛等等，多数盈利都产生在海外。美国政府同样是全球资源配置的高手。国际货币流通近60%都得靠美元，这其中一半左右的美元是在美国的境外流通并不回到美国国内。这样的流通方式，实际上是通过印钞票，赤裸裸地赚世界人民的钱，即所谓的“铸币税”。相比之下，人民币要弱势得多，仅有3%左右的国际货币流通依靠人民币，主要用于中国与外国的直接交易中。This has made me ponder deeply over China's development path on the global scale. Millions of Chinese are working abroad, and thousands of Chinese enterprises are operating overseas. But many of them are engaged in businesses such as infrastructure construction, catering services, supermarket industry, and tourism. Their wages are hard-earned. Those first-class US companies, however, are making money through brain power - they can maximize profits through the allocation of resources.这让我深思中国发展的全球道路。目前，中国有约500万中国人长期在海外工作，有约5万家中国企业在海外经营，但许多时候，他们多是从事基础设施建设、开餐馆与超市、旅游与导购等工作，赚的是辛苦钱、体力钱。不像美国的那些一流企业，赚脑力钱、智力钱，即通过资源的配置获得最大化的盈利。From this perspective, both Chinese companies and the Chinese government should learn to optimize the allocation of people, energy, currency, information, law, taxation, culture, institutions, think tanks and other resources, thus to maximize their profitability and benefit the local people.从这个角度看，无论是中国企业，还是中国政府，都应该尽可能地学会优化配置全球的人力、能源、货币、信息、法律、税收、文化、机构、智库等资源，最大化地让自己盈利，也最大化地让当地受益。This process has already begun. Since 2013, the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been promoted across the world. China has signed agreements on Belt and Road construction with more than 160 countries and organizations, allowing more countries to share the dividends of China's development, and enabling China itself to solve the domestic development issues through industrial internationalization and trade liberalization. This is in essence an allocation of global resources by the Chinese people. Pushing forward the BRI is not doing charity. There is no need for China to be shy about allocating global resources.当然，这个进程已开始。2013年以来，“一带一路”在全球的推广，与160多个国家与合作组织签署“一带一路”协议，让更多国家分享中国发展的红利，也是通过中国的产业国际化、资本全球化、贸易自由化解决国内发展的问题。这本质上就是中国人配置全球资源。“一带一路”不是搞公益，配置全球资源也不必羞羞答答。It is tougher for Chinese enterprises to allocate global resources than US firms. In their global expansion, US companies have received the cooperation of several US agencies, including the Pentagon, the Federal Reserve, the Department of State, the CIA, and the Department of Homeland Security, as one of US steps to seek global hegemony. Chinese companies, in contrast, have to rely on themselves. The Chinese government's coordination is far from enough to serve the enterprises' global needs.与美国不同的，中国企业配置全球资源的难度更高。美国企业全球扩张的进程中，有五角大楼、美联储、国务院、中情局、国土安全部等一系列为全球霸权而设置的机构的配合，而中国企业往往更多的，是拼市场、靠自己。中国政府的配合还远远跟不上企业的全球需求。Many Chinese elites are making efforts. Perhaps after more than 10 years, the situation will be more favorable. In this regard, the Chinese government's mechanism of reform should keep up with the pace of the new globalization trend, and Chinese companies need to make harder efforts. This is undoubtedly a long march.现在，许多中国精英都在努力，或者再过十多年，情况可能会变得更有利。对此，中国政府的机制改革还应该更加跟上新全球化的步伐，而中国企业则更需要艰苦创业。这无疑是一段长征路。In this light, China's road toward a global power has only just started.从这个角度上看，成为全球强国，中国的道路才刚刚开始。
中国人民大学重阳金融研究院（人大重阳）成立于2013年1月19日，是重阳投资董事长裘国根先生向母校捐赠并设立教育基金运营的主要资助项目。
作为中国特色新型智库，人大重阳聘请了全球数十位前政要、银行家、知名学者为高级研究员，旨在关注现实、建言国家、服务人民。目前，人大重阳下设7个部门、运营管理3个中心(生态金融研究中心、全球治理研究中心、中美人文交流研究中心)。近年来，人大重阳在金融发展、全球治理、大国关系、宏观政策等研究领域在国内外均具有较高认可度。